Introduction : Diaspora ou communauté transnationale ?

Abstract

All kinds of exodus or exile do not necessarily lead to the building of a diaspora. The immigrants’ bonds of identity with their original societies are the stronger as they have gone through conflictual situations or extreme violence. In a diaspora, a sense of belonging, an identity must be kept over time, through a conscious decision and even owing to some stubborn, relentless effort. A transnational community appears after the building of the Nation-State. This postcolonial and post-national phenomenon results from emigration from territorialized Nation-States. The Asian continent gave way to diasporas or transnational communities that differ in their respective geneses. The examples of the Chinese and Indian diasporas are developed, but also the Vietnamese, Khmer, and Korean diasporas, as well as that of a Philippino transnational community in North America and in the Caribbean area.